Memory is the cognitive process by which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved in the brain. It involves the retention and recall of past experiences, knowledge, skills, and perceptions, allowing individuals to access and use information acquired over time.
Memory plays a fundamental role in various cognitive functions, including learning, problem-solving, decision-making, and language comprehension. It encompasses multiple stages, including sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory, each serving different purposes in the retention and retrieval of information.
Memory can be influenced by factors such as attention, rehearsal, emotional significance, and context, and it is subject to decay, interference, and distortion over time. Overall, memory is essential for adaptive functioning and personal identity, enabling individuals to navigate their environment, interact with others, and engage in complex cognitive tasks.